Visualization

Matrix Plot

Our data visualization software can produce matrix plots that are used to display all pairs of X-Y plots for a set of quantitative variables. With multivariate software, these are a good method for detecting pairs of variables that are strongly correlated. It is also possible to detect cases that appear to be outliers.
The matrix plot at the right has two additions:
1. A box-and-whisker plot for each variable in the diagonal locations.
2. A robust LOWESS smooth for each plot, which highlights the estimated relationships between the variables.

More:Matrix Plot.pdf

Parallel Coordinates Plot

The Parallel Coordinates Plot is a multivariate visualization technique that can be very useful in identifying differences and similarities amongst observed cases when the number of dimensions is too large to use a standard scatterplot using data visualization software. Statgraphics multivariate software uses the line for the i-th row to connect the standardized values of each variable in that row, where the standardized value equals the observed value minus the sample mean of that variable divided by the sample range.

More: Parallel Coordinates Plot.pdf

Andrews Plot

The Andrews Plot is similar to the Parallel Coordinates Plot, except that it encodes the information for each variable on a sine or cosine with different frequencies.

More: Andrews Plot.pdf

Star Glyphs and Sunray Plots

A glyph is a geometric object made with data visualization software that represents the values of each quantitative variable. The size of the polygon in each direction is scaled according to the value of a specific variable. Cases with similar characteristics will have similar shapes.

More:Star Glyphs and Sunray Plots.pdf

Chernoff Faces

Chernoff Faces provide a method for visualizing multivariate data by drawing cartoon faces in which various features are scaled according to the values of different quantitative variables. They were developed by Herman Chernoff and first described in the article titled “The Use of Faces to Represent Points in k-Dimensional Space Graphically”, published in 1973. While their effectiveness as a method for identifying groups of cases has been debated, they represent a novel alternative to more conventional multivariate visualization techniques and can be made with Statgraphics multivariate software and our data visualization tools.

More: Chernoff Faces.pdf

Population Pyramid Statlet

The Population Pyramid Statlet is designed to compare the distribution of population counts (or similar values) between 2 groups. It may be used to display that distribution at a single point in time, or it may show changes over time in a dynamic manner. In the latter case, various options are offered for smoothing the data and for dealing with missing values.

More: Population Pyramid.pdf or Watch Video

Wind Rose Statlet

The Wind Rose Statlet displays data on a circular plot, depicting the frequency distribution of variables such as wind speed and direction. It may be used to display the distribution at a single point in time, or it may show changes over time in a dynamic manner.

More: Wind_Rose_Statlet.pdf or Watch Video

Violin Plot

The Violin Plot Statlet displays data for a single quantitative sample using a combination of a box-and-whisker plot and a nonparametric density estimator. It is very useful for visualizing the shape of the probability density function for the population from which the data came.

More: Violin Plot Statlet.pdf, Multiple Violin Plot Statlet.pdf or Watch Video

Diamond Plot

The Diamond Plot procedure creates a plot for a single quantitative variable showing the n sample observations together with a confidence interval for the population mean.

More: Diamond Plot.pdf, Multiple Diamond Plot.pdf or Watch Video

Heat Map

The Heat Map procedure shows the distribution of a quantitative variable over all combinations of 2 categorical factors. If one of the 2 factors represents time, then the evolution of the variable can be easily viewed using the map. A gradient color scale is used to represent values of the quantitative variable.

More: Heat Map.pdf or Watch Video

Sunflower Plot

The Sunflower Plot Statlet is used to display an X-Y scatterplot when the number of observations is large. To avoid the problem of overplotting point symbols with large amounts of data, glyphs in the shape of sunflowers are used to display the number of observations in small regions of the X-Y space.

More: Sunflower Plot.pdf or Watch Video

Demographic Map Visualizer (Locations)

The Demographic Map Visualizer (Locations) Statlet is designed to illustrate changes in location statistics over time. Given data at each of k locations during p time periods, the program generates a dynamic display that illustrates how the data have changed at each location. The data at each location is drawn using a bubble whose size is proportional to the observed data value. As time changes, the analyst can follow changes in the data at each location. 

More: Demographic Map Visualizer (Locations).pdf or Watch Video

Demographic Map Visualizer (Regions)

The Demographic Map Visualizer (Regions) Statlet is designed to illustrate changes in regional statistics over time. Given data for each of k regions during p time periods, the program generates a dynamic display that illustrates how the data have changed in each region. Each region is drawn using a color that illustrates the level of the selected variable. As time changes, the analyst can follow changes in the data within each region.

More: Demographic Map Visualizer (Regions).pdf

Bivariate Density Statlet

The Bivariate Density Statlet creates a frequency histogram for 2 columns of numeric data. It is used to visualize the joint distribution of 2 random variables. The controls on the toolbar make it easy to change the definition of the classes into which the data are grouped. The density function of a bivariate normal distribution with the same means, standard deviations, and covariance as the data may be created instead of a histogram. In addition, a nonparametric density estimator may be drawn.

More: Bivariate Density Statlet.pdf or Watch Video

Trivariate Density Statlet

The Trivariate Density Statlet displays the estimated density function for 3 columns of numeric data. It does so using either a 3-dimensional contour plot or a 3-dimensional mesh plot. The joint distribution of the 3 variables may either be assumed to be multivariate normal or be estimated using a nonparametric approach.

More: Trivariate Density Statlet.pdf or Watch Video

1D Dynamic Visualizer

The One-Dimensional Visualizer Statlet is designed to plot multiple time series in a manner that helps users visualize the changes in multiple variables over time. Given n time series observed over p time periods, the program generates a dynamic display that illustrates how each of the variables has changed over time. The basic plot shows bubbles plotted on an X-Y display. The position along the Y axis represents the value of the primary data variable. The size and color of the bubbles may be used to illustrate other variables. As time increases, the analyst can follow changes in all of the variables. 

More: One-Dimensional Visualizer.pdf or Watch Video

2D Dynamic Visualizer

The Two-Dimensional Visualizer Statlet is designed to plot multiple time series in a manner that helps users visualize the changes in multiple variables over time. Given n time series observed over p time periods, the program generates a dynamic display that illustrates how each of the variables has changed over time. The basic plot shows bubbles plotted on an X-Y display. The positions along the X and Y axes represent the values of two primary data variables. The size and color of the bubbles may be used to illustrate other variables. As time increases, the analyst can follow changes in all of the variables.

More: Two-Dimensional Visualizer.pdf or Watch Video

3D Dynamic Visualizer

The Three-Dimensional Visualizer Statlet is designed to plot multiple time series in a manner that helps users visualize the changes in multiple variables over time. Given n time series observed over p time periods, the program generates a dynamic display that illustrates how each of the variables has changed over time. The basic plot shows bubbles plotted on an X-Y-Z display. The positions along the X, Y and Z axes represent the values of three primary data variables. The size and color of the bubbles may be used to illustrate other variables. As time increases, the analyst can follow changes in all of the variables simultaneously.

More: Three-Dimensional Visualizer.pdf or Watch Video

Ordered Waterfall Plots (Version 19)

Ordered Waterfall Plots are widely used to illustrate how a variable of interest increases or decreases amongst a sample of individuals. Data values are sorted and plotted as a barchart, usually with respect to a baseline equal to 0. A reference line may be added to the plot to display a target value. One common application in oncology shows the changes in tumor size in response to a drug.

More: Ordered Waterfall Plots.pdf or Watch Video

Sequential Waterfall Plots (Version 19)

Sequential Waterfall Plots are widely used to illustrate the cumulative effect of positive and negative contributions to a total value. Bars are drawn representing each contribution as well as totals and subtotals. Applications include financial analysis, inventory analysis, performance analysis, hiring, and demographics.

More: Sequential Waterfall Plots.pdf or Watch Video

Three Dimensional Waterfall Plots (Version 19)

Three Dimensional Waterfall Plots are widely used to display multiple columns of data versus a common variable. One commonly encountered example is a Cumulative Spectral Decay plot, in which spectra are plotted at multiple times to illustrate changes in amplitude as a function of both frequency and time. In general, the plots are used to show changes in a quantitative variable versus both time and some other factor.

More: Three Dimensional Waterfall Plots.pdf or Watch Video

Trellis Plots (Numeric Y)

Trellis Plots are segmented plots that display data for each combination of one or more conditioning variables. The Numeric Y option creates either histograms, box and whisker plots or normal probability plots.

More: Trellis Plots.pdf

Trellis Plots (Categorical Y)

The Categorical Y option creates either barcharts, piecharts or donut charts.

Trellis Plots (Y vs X)

The Y vs X option creates either scatterplots, regression curves or nonparametric smoothers.

Trellis Plots (Z vs X and Y)

The Z vs X and Y option creates either bubble charts, regression models or nonparametric smoothers.